Development of an automated PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay for non-small cell lung cancer.

"C.T. is a consultant to Dako North America contracted through Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest."

"The authors thank Henrik Winther, Rosanne Welcher, and Dave Stanforth for critical review of the manuscript and their generous support to the work presented here; John Feder and Gabe Mintier (Bristol-Myers Squibb) for generating knock-out cell lines, Malini Venkata (Biocon-Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center) for preparing tonsils at different ischemia and fixation times, Dako histology team for procurement of tissues and preparation of cut sections for this study, especially Lenka Van Alphen, Rosie Sheridan, and Dominique Burns; Dako operations team for the production of the reagents for this assay; Asterand Bioscience (Detroit, MI) and Cooperative Human Tissue Network which is funded by the National Cancer Institute for providing tissue samples for this study; Malinka Jansson for suggestions to the statistical methods used for the data analysis; and project management support from Sam An."