Novel concept to guide systolic heart failure medication by repeated biomarker testing-results from TIME-CHF in context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.

"Competing interests Biomarker measurement was done by Roche Diagnostics. Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca received unrestricted research grants from Roche Diagnostics. The other authors report no conflicts of interest related to this topic. The other authors have declared that no competing interests exist."

"Funding/financial support This study was sponsored by the Horten Research Foundation (Lugano, Switzerland; 55% of the study’s budget) and several smaller unrestricted grants from AstraZeneca Pharma, Novartis Pharma, Menarini Pharma, Pfizer Pharma, Servier, Roche Diagnostics, Roche Pharma, and Merck Pharma. All biomarkers were measured by Roche Diagnostics. The sponsors had no role in the design and conduct of the study; in the collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or in the preparation of the manuscript."

"Clinical trial registration isrctn.org, identifier: ISRCTN43596477"