Circulating Molecular Chaperones in Subjects with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: Data from the Zabùt Aging Project.

"Authors’ disclosures available online (https://www.j-alz.com/manuscript-disclosures/18-0825r1)"

"This work was completely supported by a Grant project for young researcher 2007 (GR–2007–686973) from the Italian Ministry of Health to R.M., who is the PI of the ZAP, and to A.B.C., who is the responsible of lipid analysis and genotyping. Part of this work was carried out using instruments provided by the IEMEST through the Italian Programme for Research and Competitiveness 2007–2013 grant awarded to the project titled “Cyber Brain –Polo di innovazione” (PONa3_00210). A.J.L.M, and E.C. de M. were partially supported by IMET. This work was done under the agreement between IEMEST (Italy) and IMET (USA) (this is IMET contribution number 18–011). Without postmortem confirmation and without the use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of the AD-type neuropathological process, a comprehensive clinical protocol was used including complete neuropsychological assessment and the clinical classification of AD and aMCI was supported by brain imaging. Third, although analyses were adjusted for major potential confounders, it should be noted that the observed interrelationships might not be a direct cause-effect relationship due to complex interactive factors (the presence of age-related inflammation for example), and Hsps levels might reflect a nonspecific disease state, with a subsequent peripheral increase. However, aMCI and AD did not differ from CONS in hs-CRP levels, a marker of acute inflammation, as well as in lipids fractions and the majority of comorbid disorders evaluated. Lastly, the cross-sectional study design precludes making causal inferences about the relationship between Hsps levels and the study outcome."