Comprehensive phylogenomic analyses re-write the evolution of parasitism within cynipoid wasps.

"availability of data and materials the datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available in the ncbi sequence read archive repository under bioproject accession prjna647791 https://www ncbi nlm nih gov/sra/prjna647791 and in the dryad repository under accession https://doi org/10 5061/dryad tx95x69w6 [ 88 ]. availability of data and materials the datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available in the ncbi sequence read archive repository under bioproject accession prjna647791 https://www ncbi nlm nih gov/sra/prjna647791 and in the dryad repository under accession https://doi org/10 5061/dryad tx95x69w6 [ 88 ]. availability of data and materials the datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available in the ncbi sequence read archive repository under bioproject accession prjna647791"

"Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests."

"Funding Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This study was supported by the National Science Foundation (DEB-1555905 and DEB-1754242 to SGB; DEB-1856626 to MLB and SGB) and a Smithsonian Institute for Biodiversity Genomics and Global Genome Initiative grant (to SGB, MLB and BBB). MLB, as well as part of the sequencing effort, was also funded by SEL-ARS. BBB was supported by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch project 1015782 and the Museum für Naturkunde during the analyses and writing stages of this project. The funding bodies had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript."