Aerial attack strategies of hawks hunting bats, and the adaptive benefits of swarming.

"in total we observed the outcomes of n = 239 attacks from n = 64 hunting bouts lasting 2 h 50 m ( figure 3b ) of which n = 202 attacks could be classified fully ( figure 3a ; supplementary table s2 ; supplementary data s1 ).; raw data and statistical code are provided in supplementary data s1 and code s1 ."

"Conflict of Interest: We declare that we have no competing interests."

"FUNDING This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 682501) to G.K.T., and from an Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award N000141612478 to L.N.K. We thank Turner Enterprises, Inc., and Armendaris Ranch for access to and housing at the field location. We thank Lucy Larkman, Christian Harding, and Paul Domski for fieldwork assistance, and Yanqing Fu for the aerial photo of the cave."