A multisynaptic pathway from the ventral midbrain toward spinal motoneurons in monkeys.

"Competing interests The authors declare no competing financial interests."

"Funding This study was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science to Y.N. (KAKENHI: grant numbers 18H05287, 18H04038 and 15H01818), the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan to Y.N. (a Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas ‘Brain Information Dynamics’: grant number 18H05151 and ‘Hyper Adaptability’: grant number 20H05489) and to T.I. (a Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas ‘Adaptive Circuit Shift’: grant number 26112003), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (Moonshot R&D: grant number JPMJMS2012), the Cooperative Research Program of the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University (grant numbers H27‐A9 and H30‐A17) and the Cooperative Study Program (grant number 20‐255) of the National Institute for Physiological Sciences to Y.N."