Comparison of intranasal and intramuscular naloxone in opioid overdoses managed by ambulance staff: a double-dummy, randomised, controlled trial.

"DECLARATION OF INTERESTS A.K.S. spoke at a seminar arranged by dne pharma in Lisbon on October 2019 without an honorarium or other compensation. I.T. has nothing to disclose. M.V. has nothing to disclose. A.C.B. has nothing to disclose. J.D. has nothing to disclose. F.H. reports grants from Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation during the conduct of the study. T.S. has nothing to disclose. J.B. has nothing to disclose. S.M. has nothing to disclose. O.D. reports grants from Regional Health Trust, Central Norway, grants from St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, NO, grants from The Laerdal Foundation, during the conduct of the study; and NTNU; the Norwegian University of Science and Technology has signed a collaboration and licensing agreement with dne pharma to commercialise the nasal spray. Dne pharma has received marketing authorisation for a naloxone nasal spray (Ventizolve/Respinal) based on this collaboration. The formulation was invented by O.D., and the agreements ensure potential royalties for him through NTNU and NTNU's subsidiary Technology Transfer (TTO). The agreements do not restrict NTNU's opportunity to publish results from its own research on the product. O.D. was principal investigator (no personal honorarium) for dne pharma on a study of naloxone spray in volunteers and has been reimbursed for project related journeys between Oslo and Trondheim. He has received honoraria and travel support from dne pharma for presentations on marketing events."

"Funding information dne pharma; Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation; St Olavs Trondheim University Hospital; Oslo University Hospital; The Central Norway Regional Health Authority; The Joint Research Committee between St. Olavs Hospital and the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU (FFU); The Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine"