Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin followed by selective bladder preservation chemoradiotherapy in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder.

"CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: The authors have nothing to disclose."

"FUNDING: Supported by Samsung Medical Center (Seoul, Korea) Research Fund (OTA1602441, OTA1702441)."

"This was a single-center, prospective, phase II study. Patients with clinical stage T2-T4aN0M0 MIBC were enrolled. Eligible patients had to be medically appropriate to undergo radical cystectomy and eligible for cisplatin []. Patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1, no prior systemic chemotherapy for MIBC, and normal major organ functions. Key exclusion criteria included distant and/or lymph node metastases, concurrent upper tract (renal pelvis or ureter) urothelial carcinoma, and the presence of other malignancies. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Samsung Medical Center (Seoul, Korea) Institutional Review Board (approval number: SMC IRB No. 2017-10-008) and conducted in accordance with ethical principles per the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was registered in advance (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03061630) and all patients gave written informed consent."