IL-31 levels correlate with pruritus in patients with cholestatic and metabolic liver diseases and is farnesoid X receptor responsive in NASH.

"CONFLICT OF INTEREST Andrew N. Billin owns stock in and is employed by Gilead. Christopher L. Bowlus consults for and received grants from Cymabay, GSK, and Mirum. He received grants from Intercept, Takeda, BMS, BiomX, Gilead, Novartis, and Pliant. Chuhan Chung owns stock in and is employed by Inipharm. He owns stock in Gilead. Jen-Chieh Chuang owns stock in and is employed by TLC Inc. Jun Xu owns stock in and is employed by Gilead. Keyur Patel consults for Gilead. He advises Intercept. Kris V. Kowdley consults for, is on the speakers’ bureau for, and received grants from Gilead and Intercept. He consults for and received grants from Hightide, Mirum, NGM, and 89 Bio. He consults for Madrigal, PTG, and Genfit. He is on the speakers’ bureau for AbbVie. He received grants from GSK, Pliant, Hanmi, Viking, and Pfizer. Lauri Diehl owns stock in and is employed by Gilead. Michael Trauner consults for, is on the speakers’ bureau for, and received grants from Falk, Intercept, Gilead, and MSD. He consults for and received grants from Alberio. He consults for BiomX, Boehringer Ingelheim, Genfit, Janssen, Novartis, Shire, Phenex, and Regulus. He received grants from Cymabay, Takeda, Alnylam, Ultragenyx, and AbbVie. He is the coinventor of patents on the medical use of 24-norursodesoxycholic acid. Matt Peach owns stock in and is employed by Gilead. Mazen Noureddin owns stock in Anaetos, Chrownwell, Ciema, Rivus Pharma, and Viking. He advises and received grants from Gilead, Pfizer, and Madrigal. He advises 89BIO, Altimmune, cohBar, Cytodyn, Intercept, Novo Nordisk, Blade, EchoSens, Fractyl, NorthSea, Perspecturm, Terns, Siemens, and Roche. He received grants from Allergan, BMS, Galmed, Galectin, Genfit, Shire, Zydus, Conatus, Enanta, and Novartis. Mina Khoshdeli owns stock in and is employed by Gilead. Robert P. Myers owns stock in and is employed by The Liver Company. He receives stock from Gilead. Ryan S. Huss owns stock in and is employed by The Liver Company. He receives stock from Gilead. Wiley Minto owns stock in and is employed by Gilead."

"FUNDING INFORMATION Funding for this project was provided by Gilead Sciences, Inc. Funding for this analysis was provided by Gilead Sciences, Inc. Medical writing support for the initial draft was provided by Gregory Suess, PhD, of AlphaScientia, LLC. Funding information Gilead Sciences"