A G-quadruplex stabilizer, CX-5461 combined with two immune checkpoint inhibitors enhances in vivo therapeutic efficacy by increasing PD-L1 expression in colorectal cancer.

"Declarations The authors have declared no conflict of interest. Ethical Approval and Consent to participate All animal experiments were performed in accordance with a protocol approved by the Academia Sinica Institutional Animal Care and Utilization Committee. Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article."

"Funding This work was supported by Taiwan Cancer Clinic Foundation and Melissa Lee Cancer Foundation. We like to thank Academia Sinica for their supports. Additional support was provided by the Taipei Veterans General Hospital (V109C-028 to M. Chen), the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 109-2314-B-075-082-MY3 to MH. Chen; MOST 109-2320-B-010-023 to Y. Su) and Taipei, Taichung, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Tri-Service General Hospital, Academia Sinica Joint Research Program [AS-VTA-108-07] to M.H.C and M.H. Additinal support was provided by the Yen Tjing Ling medical foundation (CI-112-7 to N.J Chiang)."