Benchmark of the PenRed Monte Carlo framework for HDR brachytherapy.

"penred is an open-source project available in github 1 designed to extend the capabilities of the original penelope suite."

"Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper."

"This work is partially supported by the “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” of Spain (MCIN) grants PID2020-113126RB-I00 and PID2021-125096NB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. V. G. acknowledges partial support from AEI-MICINN under grant PID2020-113334GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by Generalitat Valenciana through the project PROMETEO/2019/087. The work has also been supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) grant RGPIN-2019-05038. Francisco Berumen acknowledges support by the Fonds de Recherche du Québec – Nature et Technologies (FRQNT). J.V. and F.B. would like to acknowledge funding by MCIN/AEI/10.13039 and the “Generalitat Valenciana” (GVA) grant PROMETEO/2021/064. Our colleague Prof. Vicent Giménez Gómez passed away on November 16, 2022, during the proofs of this study. We dedicate it to his memory. The Universitat de València lost a dedicated and accomplished physicist."