Bipolar disorders in Nigeria: a mixed-methods study of patients, family caregivers, clinicians, and the community members' perspectives.

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participateStudies received ethical approval from the Jos University Teaching Hospital Research Ethics Committee in Nigeria (Ethics Ref: JUTH/DCS/IREC/127/XXXI/2580). Participation in both studies was voluntary, and participants were informed of their rights to withdraw participation without any penalties. Participants in Study 1 gave verbal consent, while participants in Study 2 signed informed consent, assuring them of confidentiality and anonymity, among other ethical rights. Consent for publicationNot applicable. Competing interestsN.H. is the former Chair of Manchester Global Foundation. N.H. is researching maternal mental health funded by Grand Challenges Canada and the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR). D.E.J. and S.B.M. are Trustees of Dung Jidong Foundation. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Competing interests N.H. is the former Chair of Manchester Global Foundation. N.H. is researching maternal mental health funded by Grand Challenges Canada and the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR). D.E.J. and S.B.M. are Trustees of Dung Jidong Foundation. The authors declare no conflict of interest."

"Funding The study received funding support from Nottingham Trent University QR fund, Dung Jidong Foundation and the Manchester Global Foundation."