Glycemic control in gestational diabetes and impact on biomarkers in women and infants.

"Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. The funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results."

"Funding The TARGET Trial was funded by the Health Research Council (HRC) in New Zealand, grant number (14/449). The JN Williams Memorial Trust & HB Williams Turanga Trust provided research funding to undertake the blood assays. O.J.H.‘s research internship was funded by the Aotearoa Foundation. Open Access funding enabled and organized by CAUL and its Member Institutions."

"This study was nested within the TARGET Trial, a stepped-wedge, cluster, randomized controlled trial, the methodology of which has been described previously and the results have been published. Briefly, the TARGET Trial randomized 10 participating hospitals to a timing change from the use of less tight glycemic targets (FPG < 5.5 mmol/L; 1 h postprandial <8.0 mmol/L; 2 h postprandial <7.0 mmol/L) to the use of tighter glycemic targets (FPG ≤ 5.0 mmol/L; 1 h postprandial ≤7.4 mmol/L; 2 h postprandial ≤6.7 mmol/L) for treating women with gestational diabetes. Women who were recruited from four hospitals participating in the trial that were able to collect blood at the four study time points were considered relevant for this study. At these hospitals, 328 women enrolled in the trial were invited to participate in the biomarker study if they had a singleton pregnancy, gave informed consent to have a blood sample taken at trial entry, 36 weeks gestation, 6 months after the birth, and for cord plasma to be collected after the birth. Glucometer data were collected from participating women to determine whether compliance with at least 80% of fasting, postprandial, or both fasting and postprandial targets was achieved. The TARGET Trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry—ACTRN 12615000282583. Human ethics approval was granted by the Northern A Health and Disability Ethics Committee in New Zealand (14/NTA/163/AMO1). All participants provided informed consent for participation in this nested study."