Optimization of Albuminuria-Lowering Treatment in Diabetes by Crossover Rotation to Four Different Drug Classes: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

"Duality of Interest. G.D.L. has received lecture fees from Sanofi, AstraZeneca, and Janssen, and has served as a consultant for AbbVie, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Merck Sharp & Dohme. F.P. has served as a consultant, on advisory boards or as an educator for AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Mundipharma, MSD, Novartis, and Amgen, and has received research grants to institution from Novo Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim, Amgen, and AstraZeneca. P.R. has received consultancy and/or speaking fees (to his institution) from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Gilead, MSD, Mundipharma, Novo Nordisk, Vifor, and Sanofi Aventis, and holds research grants from AstraZeneca and Novo Nordisk. H.J.L.H. is consultant for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chinook, CSL Behring, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GoldFinch, Janssen, Merck, Mundi Pharma, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Novo Nordisk, and Travere Pharmaceuticals, and has received research support from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim. Janssen, and Novo Nordisk."

"Funding. The ROTATE studies were funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and a grant from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant NNF14OC0013659 PROTON Personalizing Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy)."

"A full list of inclusion and exclusion criteria can be found in Supplementary Table 1. All participants gave written informed consent before any study-specific procedure commenced. The studies were approved by the national competent authorities and institutional ethics committees of the participating centers and complied with the declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice. The ROTATE-1 and ROTATE-2 trials are both registered at trialregister.nl (registration no. NTR5602 and NTR5603)."