Effects of faecal microbiota transplantation on the small intestinal mucosa in systemic sclerosis.

"Disclosure statement: H.F. has received personal fees from Bayer and non-financial support of <$10 000 from GSK and Actelion, outside the submitted work; Ø.Mi. has a personal relationship with T.M.; T.M. is an applicant for a patent regarding ACHIM; O.D. has received personal fees and grants of <$10 000 from Abbvie, Actelion, Acceleron Pharma, Amgen, AnaMar, Baecon Discovery, Blade Therapeutics, Catenion, Competitive Drug Development International Ltd, CSL Behring, ChemomAb, Curzion Pharmaceuticals, Ergonex, Galapagos NV, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, GSK, Inventiva, Italfarmaco, iQone, iQvia, Lilly, Medac, Medscape, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Target Bio Science and UCB, and grants and personal fees of >$10 000 from Bayer and from Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. In addition, O.D. has a patent mir-29 for the treatment of SSc issued to US8247389, EP2331143; A.-M.H.-V. has received grants, personal fees, and non-financial support of >$10 000 from Boehringer Ingelheim, and personal fees of <$10 000 from Actelion, ARXX, Bayer, Jansen, Medscape, MSD, and Roche outside the submitted work. The other authors have declared no conflicts of interest."

"Funding This study was financed by a grant from Helse Sør-Øst (project number: 2016001). Disclosure statement: H.F. has received personal fees from Bayer and non-financial support of <$10 000 from GSK and Actelion, outside the submitted work; Ø.Mi. has a personal relationship with T.M.; T.M. is an applicant for a patent regarding ACHIM; O.D. has received personal fees and grants of <$10 000 from Abbvie, Actelion, Acceleron Pharma, Amgen, AnaMar, Baecon Discovery, Blade Therapeutics, Catenion, Competitive Drug Development International Ltd, CSL Behring, ChemomAb, Curzion Pharmaceuticals, Ergonex, Galapagos NV, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, GSK, Inventiva, Italfarmaco, iQone, iQvia, Lilly, Medac, Medscape, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Target Bio Science and UCB, and grants and personal fees of >$10 000 from Bayer and from Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. In addition, O.D. has a patent mir-29 for the treatment of SSc issued to US8247389, EP2331143; A.-M.H.-V. has received grants, personal fees, and non-financial support of >$10 000 from Boehringer Ingelheim, and personal fees of <$10 000 from Actelion, ARXX, Bayer, Jansen, Medscape, MSD, and Roche outside the submitted work. The other authors have declared no conflicts of interest."

"Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03444220."