Time use, time pressure and sleep: is gender an effect modifier?

"data availability the data underlying this article (hilda survey data) are available via application through the national centre for longitudinal data dataverse: https://dataverse ada edu au/dataverse/hilda . data availability the data underlying this article (hilda survey data) are available via application through the national centre for longitudinal data dataverse"

"Conflicts of interest : None declared."

"Funding A.J.S. was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Postgraduate Scholarship (#1191061) and the Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scheme. B.H. was supported by Australian Research Council (DP180101217). T.L. is supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant #330527) and the Social Insurance Institution of Finland (grant 29/26/2020). A.O. is supported by a National Health & Medical Research Council Emerging Leader 2 Fellowship (2009295). T.L.K. was supported by an Australian Research Council DECRA Fellowship (DE200100607). No funding body was involved in the design, analysis or writing of this article. Conflicts of interest: None declared. Key pointsFor the first time, we present evidence that time use and time pressure influence not only the sleep duration of men and women, but also sleep quality and sleep difficulties.Gender is an effect modifier in the relationship between spending more than 50% of time in paid work and sleep, demonstrating that the effect of time in paid work on sleep differs for men and women.Public policies and workplace practices that support a more equal division of paid and unpaid labour may benefit the sleep of both men and women."