Increases in 'deaths of despair' during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and the United Kingdom.

"code to process these data and reproduce the analysis presented here can be found at https://github com/victimofmaths/deathsofdespair/blob/master/datainsight/dodpandemicpaperfinal r appendix a supplementary data the following is the supplementary data to this article."

"code to process these data and reproduce the analysis presented here can be found at https://github com/victimofmaths/deathsofdespair/blob/master/datainsight/dodpandemicpaperfinal r appendix a supplementary data the following is the supplementary data to this article. code to process these data and reproduce the analysis presented here can be found at https://github com/victimofmaths/deathsofdespair/blob/master/datainsight/dodpandemicpaperfinal r appendix a supplementary data the following is the supplementary data to this article."

"Competing interests None declared."

"Funding The authors acknowledge funding from the 10.13039/501100000275Leverhulme Trust Large Centre Grant, Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science (A.M.T. and J.B.D.) and the 10.13039/501100000781European Research Council grant ERC-2021-CoG-101002587 (A.M.T. and J.B.D.), the John Fell Fund, 10.13039/501100000769University of Oxford (10.13039/100012084C.A. and J.B.D.) and the 10.13039/100000027National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of the 10.13039/100000002National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AA028009 (10.13039/100006609C.B.). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health."