Fluid management and vasopressor use during colorectal surgery: the search for the optimal balance.

"Declarations DisclosuresDEH is employed by Johnson and Johnson, although her work is not related to the subject of this paper. FD was granted the 2019 EAES research grant for this project. He received a speaker fee from Medtronic. BB, EWI, MR, GDS and JS have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose. Disclosures DEH is employed by Johnson and Johnson, although her work is not related to the subject of this paper. FD was granted the 2019 EAES research grant for this project. He received a speaker fee from Medtronic. BB, EWI, MR, GDS and JS have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose."

"Funding This work received support from European Association for Endoscopic Surgery and other Interventional Techniques (2019 Research Grant)."

"From January 2016 to December 2019, 14 hospitals (11 in the Netherlands, one in Belgium, one in Italy and one in Australia) participated in the LekCheck study, a multicenter prospective cohort study []. In the LekCheck study, consecutive adult patients undergoing colorectal surgery with primary anastomosis were enrolled. A detailed description of the study design and the main results have been published previously. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. The administration of vasopressor agents was registered (yes/no) during the creation of the anastomosis intraoperatively. If at that moment the patient was receiving vasopressors, the answer yes was given and the type of drugs and dosage was noted. For the current analysis, patients treated with ephedrine were excluded from the analysis. In the noradrenaline patient group, the patients were solely treated with noradrenaline during surgery."