OX40L-expressing recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara induces potent antitumor immunity via reprogramming Tregs.

"data availability the rna-seq data reported in this study have been deposited in the gene expression omnibus database under the accession numbers: gse188496 and gse192563 . data availability the rna-seq data reported in this study have been deposited in the gene expression omnibus database under the accession numbers: gse188496"

"Disclosures: L. Deng, N. Yang, Y. Wang, G. Mazo, J. D. Wolchok, and T. Merghoub reported a patent US20220056475A1 Application Number: 17/275,974 (filed by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and licensed to IMVAQ Therapeutics). L. Deng, N. Yang, J. D. Wolchok, T. Merghoub, W. Yan, and J. Choi are co-founders of IMVAQ Therapeutics and have equity in IMVAQ Therapeutics. L. Deng reported grants and personal fees from IMVAQ Therapeutics during the conduct of the study. N. Yang reported personal fees from IMVAQ Therapeutics during the conduct of study. W. Yan reported personal fees from IMVAQ during the conduct of the study and personal fees from Sound Biologics outside the submitted work. J. Choi is an employee of IMVAQ Therapeutics during the conduct of the study. C.M. Rice has been a scientific advisor for IMVAQ, which has an interest in the material presented in this paper. J. D. Wolchok reported personal fees from IMVAQ Therapeutics during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Apricity Therapeutics, Ascentage Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bicara Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Dragonfly, Georgiamune, Larkspur, Linneaus, Psioxus, Recepta, Tizona Therapeutics, Trishula, and Sellas; grants from Bristol Myers Squibb and Sephora; and “other” from Maverick and Xenimmune outside the submitted work. In addition, J. D. Wolchok had a patent to xenogeneic DNA vaccines with royalties paid, a patent to Newcastle Disease viruses for Cancer Therapy with royalties paid, a patent to myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) assay with royalties paid, a patent to prediction of responsiveness to treatment with immunomodulatory therapeutics and method of with royalties paid, a patent to monitoring abscopal effects during such treatment with royalties paid CellCarta, a patent to anti-CTLA4 antibodies licensed Agenus, a patent to anti-PD1 licensed Agenus, and a patent to anti-GITR licensed Agenus/Incyte. T. Merghoub is a consultant for Leap Therapeutics, Immunos Therapeutics, and Pfizer; and has grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Surface Oncology, Kyn Therapeutics, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Peregrine Pharmeceuticals, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Leap Therapeutics, and Aprea. T. Merghoub is an inventor on patent applications related to work on oncolytic viral therapy, alphavirus-based vaccines, neo-antigen modeling, CD40, GITR, OX40, PD-1, and CTLA-4. No other disclosures were reported."

"This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants K-08 AI073736 (L. Deng), R56AI095692 (L. Deng), R03 AR068118 (L. Deng), R01 CA56821 (J.D. Wolchok), and R01 AI091707 (C.M. Rice); the Charles H. Revson Senior Fellowship in Biomedical Science (J.M. Luna); Black Family Metastasis Center Fellowship (J.M. Luna); Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering research grant (L. Deng); Memorial Sloan Kettering Technology Development Fund (L. Deng); Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy Career Development Award (L. Deng); Cycle for Survival grant (L. Deng); and sponsored research agreement from IMVAQ Therapeutics (L. Deng). This work was supported in part by Swim Across America (J.D. Wolchok, T. Merghoub) and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (J.D. Wolchok, T. Merghoub). This research was also funded in part through the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA008748."