Trends in the epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection in Germany.

"Declarations Conflict of interestMJGTV received research Grants from 3M, Astellas Pharma, Biontech, DaVolterra, Evonik, Gilead Sciences, Glycom, Immunic, MaaT Pharma, Merck/MSD, Organobalance, Seres Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceutical, as well as speaker fees or consulting fees from Alb Fils Kliniken GmbH, Arderypharm, Astellas Pharma, Basilea, Bio-Mérieux, DaVolterra, Farmak International Holding GmbH, Ferring, Gilead Sciences, Immunic AG, MaaT Pharma, Merck/MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Organobalance, SocraTec R&D GmbH, Tillots Pharma GmbH. CFM has given talks at Ferring-sponsored symposia. AS has been lecturing for AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, CLS Behring, De Prom, Falk Foundation, Ferring, Janssen, Kompetenznetz Darmerkrankungen, MedUpdate, MSD, Recordati-Pharma, sobi rare strength, Takeda and consulting activities for AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Consal, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Repha GmbH, Roche, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos GmbH, Takeda, Tillots Pharma GmbH. SS has received personal fees from Abbvie, Arena, BMS, Biogen, Celltrion, Celgene, Falk, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, IMAB, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Mylan, Pfizer, Protagonist, Provention Bio, Sandoz, Takeda and Theravance. HJE received speaker fees or consulting fees from Astellas Pharma, Falk Foundation, Ferring Arzneimittel, MSD, Tillots Pharma, viiv Health care. JO and LvM stated no conflicts of interest. Ethics statementThe risks for the participants were considered minimal, so no requirement of ethical approval was deemed necessary. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent to participateNot applicable. Consent to publishNot applicable. Conflict of interest MJGTV received research Grants from 3M, Astellas Pharma, Biontech, DaVolterra, Evonik, Gilead Sciences, Glycom, Immunic, MaaT Pharma, Merck/MSD, Organobalance, Seres Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceutical, as well as speaker fees or consulting fees from Alb Fils Kliniken GmbH, Arderypharm, Astellas Pharma, Basilea, Bio-Mérieux, DaVolterra, Farmak International Holding GmbH, Ferring, Gilead Sciences, Immunic AG, MaaT Pharma, Merck/MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Organobalance, SocraTec R&D GmbH, Tillots Pharma GmbH. CFM has given talks at Ferring-sponsored symposia. AS has been lecturing for AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, CLS Behring, De Prom, Falk Foundation, Ferring, Janssen, Kompetenznetz Darmerkrankungen, MedUpdate, MSD, Recordati-Pharma, sobi rare strength, Takeda and consulting activities for AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Consal, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Repha GmbH, Roche, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos GmbH, Takeda, Tillots Pharma GmbH. SS has received personal fees from Abbvie, Arena, BMS, Biogen, Celltrion, Celgene, Falk, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, IMAB, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Mylan, Pfizer, Protagonist, Provention Bio, Sandoz, Takeda and Theravance. HJE received speaker fees or consulting fees from Astellas Pharma, Falk Foundation, Ferring Arzneimittel, MSD, Tillots Pharma, viiv Health care. JO and LvM stated no conflicts of interest."

"Funding This work was supported by Ferring Arzneimittel GmbH. MV, AS, and LvM also received funding from Ferring for another independent project on hospitalization data on fecal microbiota transfer."