Burden of fatal drowning in California, 2005-2019.

"total unintentional and intentional crude fatal drowning rates per 100 000 population by 5-year time periods for age sex race body of water and region are presented in online supplemental file 4 10 1136/ip-2023-044862 supp3 supplementary data 10 1136/ip-2023-044862 supp4 supplementary data table 1 characteristics of fatal drowning in california 2005-2019 unintentional intentional undetermined all intents n % n % n % n % total 7624 100 1152 100 461 100 9237 100 coding of drowning cause of death underlying 6550 85 9 899 78 416 90 2 7865 85 1 contributing 1074 14 1 253 22 45 9 8 1372 14 9 age group 0-4 856 11 2 48 4 2 26 5 6 930 10 1 5-14 320 4 2 12 1 12 2 6 344 3 7 15-24 980 12 9 173 15 49 10 6 1202 13 25-34 1020 13 4 197 17 1 69 15 1286 13 9 35-44 872 11 4 190 16 5 76 16 5 1138 12 3 45-54 1102 14 5 200 17 4 97 21 0 1399 15 1 55-64 967 12 7 170 14 8 62 13 4 1199 13 65-74 673 8 8 74 6 4 31 6 7 778 8 4 75-84 514 6 7 52 4 5 24 5 2 590 6 4 85+ 291 3 8 * * 336 3 6 unknown 29 0 4 + + 35 0 4 sex female 1917 25 1 433 37 6 121 26 2 2471 26 8 male 5707 74 9 719 62 4 340 73 8 6766 73 2 race white non-hispanic 3867 50 7 679 58 9 229 49 7 4775 51 7 hispanic 2042 26 8 166 14 4 102 22 1 2310 25 asian non-hispanic 830 10 9 176 15 3 59 12 8 1065 11 5 black non-hispanic 561 7 4 75 6 5 44 9 5 680 7 4 two or more races189 2 5 33 2 9 20 4 3 242 2 6 ai/an non-hispanic 72 0 9 + + 77 0 8 hawaiian/pi non-hispanic 24 0 3 + + 31 0 3 other non-hispanic 25 0 3 * + 39 0 4 non stated or unknown 14 0 2 + + 18 0 2 body of water pool 2326 30 5 146 12 7 49 10 6 2521 27 3 river/canal 1839 24 1 113 9 8 117 25 4 2069 22 4 coastal 1193 15 6 587 51 83 18 1863 20 2 bathtub 843 11 1 119 10 3 56 12 1 1018 11 lake/pond 851 11 2 60 5 2 30 6 5 941 10 2 other * * + 223 2 4 unknown natural water * + + 28 0 3 unknown 351 4 6 104 9 119 25 8 574 6 2 drowning event region north coast 485 6 4 37 3 2 15 3 3 537 5 8 superior california 955 12 5 72 6 3 78 16 9 1105 12 san francisco bay area 785 10 3 432 37 5 111 24 1 1328 14 4 central coast 535 7 87 7 6 23 5 645 7 n san joaquin valley 755 9 9 39 3 4 15 3 3 809 8 8 s san joaquin valley 693 9 1 * * 742 8 los angeles1020 13 4 115 10 39 8 5 1174 12 7 orange 501 6 6 69 6 23 5 593 6 4 inland empire 786 10 3 * + 841 9 1 san diego-imperial 690 9 1 148 12 8 12 2 6 850 9 2 unknown 419 5 5 68 5 9 126 27 3 613 6 6 *values >11 not visible to protect the confidentially of individuals summarised in the data +values <11 not visible to protect the confidentially of individuals summarised in the data.; age-adjusted and sex-adjusted annual fatal drowning rates are presented in online supplemental file 6 10 1136/ip-2023-044862 supp5 supplementary data 10 1136/ip-2023-044862 supp6 supplementary data figure 1 figure 2 ai/an american indian or alaska native; hn/pi hawaiian or pacific islander."

"Competing interests: WK is a board member of the California Water Safety Coalition."

"Funding: The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors."