Clinical utility of WHO-recommended screening tools and development and validation of novel clinical prediction models for pulmonary tuberculosis screening among outpatients living with HIV: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

"Conflict of interests: All authors declare no competing interests."

"Support statement: A. Dhana received training in research that was supported by the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD) under Award Number D43 TW010559, National Research Foundation (NRF), and the Harry Crossley Foundation. R.K. Gupta is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (DRF-2018–11-ST2-004). G. Meintjes and G. Maartens were supported by core funding from the Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (203135/Z/16/Z). G. Meintjes was supported by the Wellcome Trust (214321/Z/18/Z) and the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and NRF of South Africa (Grant No 64787). G. Theron acknowledges funding from the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union (SF1401, OPTIMAL DIAGNOSIS; RIA2020I-3305, CAGE-TB) and the National Institutes of Health (U01AI152087; U54EB027049; D43TW010350). G. Ndlangalavu acknowledges the SAMRC for funding: “The work reported herein was made possible through funding by the South African Medical Research Council through its Division of Research Capacity Development under the SAMRC Internship Scholarship Programme. The content hereof is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the SAMRC”. M. Noursadeghi is supported by the Wellcome Trust (207511/Z/17/Z) and by National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Funding to University College London and University College London Hospitals. The opinions, findings and conclusions expressed in this manuscript reflect those of the authors alone."