Intradermal skin test with mRNA vaccines as a surrogate marker of T cell immunity in immunocompromised patients.

"data availability raw and processed data are available on the gene expression omnibus (geo) in gse224028 https://www ncbi nlm nih gov/geo/query/acc cgi? jupyter notebooks and java scripts are available for data preprocessing clustering visualization and cell annotation as well as for tcr analysis at https://github com/mathildefogperez/manuscript-tcell-fallet . data availability raw and processed data are available on the gene expression omnibus (geo) in gse224028"

"jupyter notebooks and java scripts are available for data preprocessing clustering visualization and cell annotation as well as for tcr analysis at https://github com/mathildefogperez/manuscript-tcell-fallet ."

"Declaration of Competing Interest Dr Pantaleo and Dr Fenwick report having a patent pending (application No. EP20205298.1) for a SARS-Cov2 neutralization assay. Dr Gottardo has received consulting income from Takeda, Ozette Technologies and declares ownership in Ozette Technologies. The research was conducted without any other commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest to this study."

"This work was supported by the Giorgi-Cavaglieri Foundation (to YDM) and an institutional grant (to BF). Dr Pantaleo received a grant (No. 101005077) from the Corona Accelerated R&D in Europe (CARE) project funded by the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No. 101005077. The JU receives support from the European Union’s 10.13039/501100007601Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries Associations (EPIA), the 10.13039/100000865Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, and the 10.13039/100008890University of Dundee and from 10.13039/501100006392Lausanne University Hospital, the 10.13039/501100013905Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, and 10.13039/501100001711Swiss National Science Foundation grants. The research is partially supported by the CoVICIS project (grant No. 101046041) funded by the 10.13039/501100000780European Union Horizon Europe Program. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication."