Multicomponent intranasal adjuvant for mucosal and durable systemic SARS-CoV-2 immunity in young and aged mice.

"Competing interests P.W., M.S., J.R.B., and A.G.S. are co-inventors on a patent for NE-IVT. M.S. received research support from Phio Pharmaceuticals, Moderna and Argen-X. The A.G.-S. laboratory has received research support from Pfizer, Senhwa Biosciences, Kenall Manufacturing, Avimex, Johnson & Johnson, Dynavax, 7Hills Pharma, Pharmamar, ImmunityBio, Accurius, Nanocomposix, Hexamer, N-fold LLC, Model Medicines, Atea Pharma, Applied Biological Laboratories and Merck, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. has consulting agreements for the following companies involving cash and/or stock: Vivaldi Biosciences, Contrafect, 7Hills Pharma, Avimex, Vaxalto, Pagoda, Accurius, Esperovax, Farmak, Applied Biological Laboratories, Pharmamar, Paratus, CureLab Oncology, CureLab Veterinary, Synairgen and Pfizer, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. has been an invited speaker in meeting events organized by Seqirus, Janssen, Abbott and Astrazeneca. A.G.-S. is inventor on patents and patent applications on the use of antivirals and vaccines for the treatment and prevention of virus infections and cancer, owned by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any competing interests."

"This research was supported by R01-AI160706 to P.W. and M.S, and in part by R01-DK130425 to M.S. This research was also partly supported by CRIPT (Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis and Transmission), an NIAID funded Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (CEIRR, contract #75N93021C000140) to M.S. and A.G.-S. and by NIAID contract 75N93019C00046 to A.G.-S. S.C.P. has received support from the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) for research under the Biomedical Global Talent Nurturing Program (HI22C2101). We thank the U of M vector core for producing the lentivirus pseudovirus and for providing technical input on assays, Joel Whitfield and the Rogel Cancer Center Immunology Core for multiplex assay support, as well as the U of M Center for Structural Biology for producing recombinant RBD. The CSB acknowledges support from the U-M Biosciences Initiative and the U-M Rogel Cancer Center. We also are grateful to Jesse Chen and Dr. Mohammad Farazuddin for technical assistance with experiments at U of M. We also thank Dr. Randy Albrecht for support with the BSL3 facility and procedures at the ISMMS as well as Richard Cadagan for excellent technical assistance. Figure 1a was created with BioRender.com."