450-nm blue diode laser: a novel medical apparatus for upper tract urothelial lesions.

"Declarations Conflict of interestThe authors declare that there is no conflicts of interest. Research involving human participants and/or animalsAll procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of Xi’an Jiaotong University. This article does not contain any studies with human participants. Informed consentThis article does not contain any studies with human participants. For this type of study, formal consent is not required. Conflict of interest The authors declare that there is no conflicts of interest."

"This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2019YFC0121504) and the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (2020SF-126, 2021SF-269). We thank Dr. Feng Ma and Yi Lv for technological support from the Research Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering of Shaanxi Province (Xi’an, 710061, Shaanxi, China)."