Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation-Enhanced Physical Therapist Intervention for Functional Posterior Shoulder Instability (Type B1): A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

"Disclosures Philipp Moroder owns stock and receives royalties from Alyve Medical. Christian Gerhardt is a paid speaker for Enovis. Markus Scheibel is a consultant, paid speaker, and receives royalties from Enovis. The authors completed the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and reported no other conflicts of interest."

"Funding The study was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (MO-3414/1-1)."

"The study was designed as a multicenter randomized controlled therapeutic trial with optional crossover, including 5 high-volume shoulder centers chosen for a balanced geographical distribution across a single country. Data storage, monitoring, and analysis were assigned to an independent center outside of the country. Additionally, an international independent expert board, including members from 3 different foreign countries, was established to supervise the study and assure adherence to the study protocol which was registered online prior to the beginning of the study including the prespecified outcome parameters in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN10085480). Ethical approval was obtained prior to the beginning of the study (Ethical Committee Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany; #EA2/077/18). The study was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft that had no role in the design, conduct, or reporting of this study."