Critical care delivery across health care systems in low-income and low-middle-income country settings: A systematic review.

"Disclosure of interest: The authors completed the ICMJE Disclosure of Interest Form (available upon request from the corresponding author) and declare the following activities and relationships: NA has served as a consultant to the World Health Organization (WHO) regarding guidelines for COVID-19 and serves as a member of a WHO Technical Advisory Group for Integrated Clinical Care. NC reports receipt of the United States National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute training grant: T32HL007287. ED serves as the director of the Emergency Care Society of South Africa. SK has received grants or contracts from the WHO for work as a consultant to the WHO Clinical Services and Systems Program, from International Medical Corps as a program lead for trauma care training in Ukraine and from CARE as a program lead to provide emergency care training in India as well as payments for travel and presentations at the annual conference of the American College of Emergency Physicians. He also holds unpaid positions as a member of the editorial advisory board of EMS World, president of the Global Emergency Medicine Academy of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine and as the standards lead for the Critical Care in Emergency Medicine Interest Group of the International Federation for Emergency Medicine. CL reports royalties from UptoDate.com for an article on management of respiratory failure in patients with elevated ICP and payment for legal review from Dansker and Aspromonte Associates, James Newman P.C. and McEldrew Purtell Law Associates, and support from the Mount Sinai Institute of Critical Care Medicine for travel. SM reports receipt of grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. MR has received the McGrevin Post-Doctoral Grant to fund an educational project in Malawi."

"Funding: The research presented in this manuscript received no external funding."

"Registration: PROSPERO CRD42019146802."