Racial inequalities in mental healthcare use and mortality: a cross-sectional analysis of 1.2 million low-income individuals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2010-2016.

"thus black and low education individuals were at increased risk of mortality for mental disorders (than the separate effects of being black and having low educational attainment on their own) ( online supplemental material 6 ) 10 1136/bmjgh-2023-013327 supp5 supplementary data 10 1136/bmjgh-2023-013327 supp6 supplementary data figure 2 predicted primary healthcare utilisation and mortality rates per 100000 person-years based on adjusted poisson regression models for interactions between race/ethnicity and education level with 95% confidence intervals displayed obtained from separate fully adjusted poisson regressions per outcome (phc utilisation [registered users only] hospitalisation and mortality); adjusted for sex age group disability unemployment household per capita income decile number of family members per bedroom household flooring household piped water access formal employment in the family bolsa familia-receiving family quintiles of household expenditure on medicines and food.; interactions between race/colour and sex were not statistically significant ( online supplemental material 9 ) 10 1136/bmjgh-2023-013327 supp7 supplementary data 10 1136/bmjgh-2023-013327 supp8 supplementary data 10 1136/bmjgh-2023-013327 supp9 supplementary data figure 3 predicted primary healthcare utilisation hospitalisation and mortality rates per 100000 person-years based on adjusted poisson regression models for interactions between race/ethnicity and deciles of income with 95% confidence intervals displayed obtained from separate fully adjusted poisson regressions per outcome (phc utilisation [registered users only] hospitalisation and mortality); adjusted for sex education level age group disability unemployment number of family members per bedroom household flooring household piped water access formal employment in the family bolsa familia-receiving family quintiles of household expenditure on medicines and food."

"Competing interests: BD was Undersecretary of Health Promotion, Surveillance and Primary Care at the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro when this project was conceived. VS is a Coordinator of Health Situation Analysis in the Health Surveillance Department, at the Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro."

"Funding: This study was supported by the UK’s Joint Health Systems Research Initiative (DFID/MRC/Wellcome Trust/ESRC) grant number MR/P014593/1 and NIHR (NIHR133252 and NIHR150067) using UK aid from the UK Government to support global health research. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the UK Department of Health and Social Care. The funders had no role in the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication."