Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Intestinal Permeability in Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Animal Studies.

"Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest."

"Funding ZD and JJD were funded by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the NIH under award number TL1TR002016. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. EVS was supported by AFRI Predoctoral Fellowship (grant no. 2022-67011-36461) and CJR was supported by grant no. 2017-67017-26780 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The funding agencies had no role in the study conceptualization, design, data collection, analysis, writing, decision to publish, or preparation and submission of the manuscript."

"This systematic review was conducted utilizing the PRISMA guidelines () [] and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022363538) prior to article screening. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, and CAB Direct from inception until August 2023 to identify studies that evaluate the effect of probiotic interventions on gut permeability outcomes in animal models of overweight or obesity and adults with overweight or obesity. A search strategy was developed in collaboration with a health science librarian at the Pennsylvania State University (CLW) and was comprised of 3 terms to represent: 1) intestinal permeability, 2) overweight or obesity, and 3) probiotic supplementation. The full search terms used are found in the supplemental material ()."