Commensal bacteria promote type I interferon signaling to maintain immune tolerance in mice.

"the single-cell rna sequencing data underlying fig 4 are openly available in the ncbi gene expression omnibus (geo) under accession number gse248021 ."

"Disclosures: L.-F. Lu reported personal fees from Elixiron Immunotherapeutics and grants from Molecular Axiom outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported."

"This work was supported by R00 DK110534 and P30 DK120515 from the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), R01 A167860 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and the Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines to H. Chu; and NIAID AI108651 and AI163813 to L-F. Lu and AI125247 to B. Min. Additional support was provided to H. Chu by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Humans and the Microbiome Program, The Hartwell Foundation, and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP233fa627003). M. Carrillo Terrazas was supported by T32 DK007202 (NIDDK), the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine through the Predoctoral Fellowship of the Ford Foundation, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Graduate Fellowships grant (GT15123)."