Hypertonicity induces mitochondrial extracellular vesicles (MEVs) that activate TNF-α and β-catenin signaling to promote adipocyte dedifferentiation.

"availability of data and materials the mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the proteomexchange consortium via the iprox partner repository with the dataset identifier pxd04259. availability of data and materials the mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the proteomexchange consortium via the iprox partner repository with the dataset identifier pxd04259"

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participateThis study was approved by the Institutional Animal Research Ethics Sub-Committee of City University of Hong Kong and Department of Health, The Government of The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.(Approval number: AN-STA-00000135). The title of ethical approved project:" Investigating organ crosstalk in mouse obesity". Date of approval: 2023/1/11. Consent for publicationNot applicable. Competing interestsThe authors declare no conflict of interests. Competing interests The authors declare no conflict of interests."

"Funding This work was supported by grants from the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (JCYJ20210324133812034 to L.Z.) and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Zone Shenzhen Park Project (HZQB-KCZYZ-2021017 to L.Z), grants from The Tung Foundation Biomedical Sciences Centre (9609301 to L. Z. and 9609310 to J.Y.K.), and grants from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (21101917, 11103318, R1020-18 to L.Z and 11101017 to J.Y.K.). The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript."