Prospective Cohort Study of Emergency Department Visit Frequency and Diagnoses Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban, Low-Income, US- and Foreign-Born Mothers in Boston, MA.

"Conflicts of Interest: By the WestJEM article submission agreement, all authors are required to disclose all affiliations, funding sources and financial or management relationships that could be perceived as potential sources of bias. This work is supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) under grant numbers (UJ2MC31074, UT7MC45949), Autism Longitudinal Data Project. The Boston Birth Cohort (the parent study) is supported in part by the March of Dimes PERI grants (20-FY02-56 and 21-FY07-605); the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants (2R01HD041702, R01HD086013, R01HD098232, R01ES031272, and R01ES031521; and the Hopkins Population Center Grant (P2CHD042854) from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The information, content and/or conclusions are those of the authors and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred, by HRSA, HHS or the US government."

"Conflicts of Interest: By the WestJEM article submission agreement, all authors are required to disclose all affiliations, funding sources and financial or management relationships that could be perceived as potential sources of bias. This work is supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) under grant numbers (UJ2MC31074, UT7MC45949), Autism Longitudinal Data Project. The Boston Birth Cohort (the parent study) is supported in part by the March of Dimes PERI grants (20-FY02-56 and 21-FY07-605); the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants (2R01HD041702, R01HD086013, R01HD098232, R01ES031272, and R01ES031521; and the Hopkins Population Center Grant (P2CHD042854) from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The information, content and/or conclusions are those of the authors and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred, by HRSA, HHS or the US government."