Pan PPAR agonist stimulation of induced MSCs produces extracellular vesicles with enhanced renoprotective effect for acute kidney injury.

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participateAll animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Seoul National University (Approval date: 16th November 2020; Approval number: SNU-190413-6-1; Project title: Evaluation of the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for renal regeneration). All methods are in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines for the reporting of animal experiments. Consent for publicationNot applicable. Competing interestsS. K. is the chief executive officer of Brexogen Inc. Other authors declare no competing interests. Competing interests S. K. is the chief executive officer of Brexogen Inc. Other authors declare no competing interests."

"Funding This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (2021R1A2C2093867). This research was supported by Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine funded by Ministry of Science and ICT, and Ministry of Health and Welfare (22C0610L1-11), Republic of Korea. The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript."

"Trial registration: Not applicable."