Moral injury and mental health among health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: meta-analysis.

"Disclosure statement No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)."

"We retrieved articles from Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, PTSDpubs, and Scopus with a publication date between 2019 and 18 July 2023. We used MeSH terms related to moral injury, COVID-19, and mental health and performed a comprehensive literature search (see supplementary material, Part 1, for search strategy). Two reviewers (BMC and CZ) screened the initial 50 retrieved records together and the subsequent 150 retrieved records independently. The independent search yielded an excellent interrater agreement (kappa coefficient = .78), and one reviewer (BMC) screened the remaining records. Additionally, one reviewer (BMC) performed a non-systematic search of studies in Google Scholar and a search for eligible theses in ProQuest Dissertations and EThOS. We also hand-searched references of eligible articles to identify potential missing studies in our search strategy. The meta-analytic review was performed according to the updated guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (Page et al., ). The protocol for the meta-analysis was preregistered at PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews) in December 2022 with the preregistration code CRD42022382075."