Neuroplasticity of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in patients with treatment-resistant depression as indexed with paired associative stimulation: a TMS-EEG study.

"Conflict of interest statement : The authors declare no conflict of interest."

"Funding NK has received a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (19J21897 and 50969285) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). SN has received a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists A and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research B and C from the JSPS and research grants from the Japan Research Foundation for Clinical Pharmacology, Naito Foundation, Takeda Science Foundation, Uehara Memorial Foundation, and Daiichi Sankyo Scholarship Donation Program within the past 3 years. He has also received research support, manuscript fees or speaker’s honoraria from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Meiji-Seika Pharma, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Shionogi, and Yoshitomi Yakuhin within the past 3 years. MM received grants and/or speaker’s honoraria from Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Fuji Film RI Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Kracie, Meiji-Seika Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Novartis Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Shionogi, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, and Yoshitomi Yakuhin. YN has received a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (21H02813) from the JSPS, research grants from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, investigator-initiated clinical study grants from Teijin Pharma Ltd. and Inter Reha Co., Ltd. He has also received a research grant from the Watanabe Foundation and Daiichi Sankyo Scholarship Donation Program. He also receives equipment in-kind support for an investigator-initiated study from Magventure Inc., Inter Reha Co., Ltd., and Miyuki Giken Co., Ltd. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest."