Topical and subconjunctival anesthesia versus topical anesthesia alone in patients with senile cataracts undergoing phacoemulsification: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participateThe study protocol was approved by the Sawanpracharak Hospital Ethical Committee for Research in Human Subjects (COA. 14/2022), approval date May 3, 2022. The study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent before study enrollment. The study was registered with thaiclinicaltrials.org as TCTR20220804003, with a date of registration on August 4, 2022. The first patient was enrolled once the study protocol received approval from the Sawanpracharak Hospital Ethical Committee for Research in Human Subjects. However, trial registration was performed after the enrollment process (retrospective registration). This delay occurred because the study initiators were not initially aware of the policy set forth by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, which mandates prospective registration for all interventional clinical trials. Consent for publicationNot Applicable. Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests."

"Funding This study received financial support from Sawanpracharak Hospital Medical Education Center (https://mec.spr.go.th). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript."

"Trial registration Trial Registration Number: TCTR20220804003, date of registration August 4, 2022, retrospectively registered."