Advancements in diagnostic and interventional radiology for stroke treatment: the path from trial to bedside through the pre-MR CLEAN, MR CLEAN, and MR CLEAN II eras.

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Consent for publicationNot applicable. Competing interestsNS and RG declare that they have no competing interests. YBR reports being a minor shareholder of Nicolab. JG reports consultancy funds from Medtronic as the global principal investigator of STAR (NCT01327989) and Swift Direct (NCT03192332) and from Cerenovus (now part of Johnson & Johnson) and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board (clinical ethics committee member of the Promise Study) for Penumbra. DD reports unrestricted research grants from the Dutch Heart Foundation, Brain Foundation Netherlands, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, and Health Holland Top Sector Life Sciences and Health and unrestricted grants from Medtronic, Penumbra, Stryker, Thrombolytic Science, and Cerenovus (all paid to institution). AL reports grants from Dutch Heart Foundation, Brain Foundation Netherlands, The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, Health Holland Top Sector Life Sciences & Health, Stryker, Penumbra, Medtronic, Cerenovus, Thrombolytic Science, GE Healthcare, Siemens Healthineers, and Philips Healthcare (all paid to his institution). AL also reports speaking fees from Siemens Healthineers paid to the institution and participation on a DSMB for the ESCAPE-MEVO trial and is research leader of CONTRAST consortium (unpaid). Competing interests NS and RG declare that they have no competing interests. YBR reports being a minor shareholder of Nicolab. JG reports consultancy funds from Medtronic as the global principal investigator of STAR (NCT01327989) and Swift Direct (NCT03192332) and from Cerenovus (now part of Johnson & Johnson) and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board (clinical ethics committee member of the Promise Study) for Penumbra. DD reports unrestricted research grants from the Dutch Heart Foundation, Brain Foundation Netherlands, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, and Health Holland Top Sector Life Sciences and Health and unrestricted grants from Medtronic, Penumbra, Stryker, Thrombolytic Science, and Cerenovus (all paid to institution). AL reports grants from Dutch Heart Foundation, Brain Foundation Netherlands, The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, Health Holland Top Sector Life Sciences & Health, Stryker, Penumbra, Medtronic, Cerenovus, Thrombolytic Science, GE Healthcare, Siemens Healthineers, and Philips Healthcare (all paid to his institution). AL also reports speaking fees from Siemens Healthineers paid to the institution and participation on a DSMB for the ESCAPE-MEVO trial and is research leader of CONTRAST consortium (unpaid)."

"Funding No funding was received for this study."