Cytokine and microbiota profiles in obesity-related hypertension patients.

"Conflict of interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."

"The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. We appreciate the support of the DGAPA-PAPIIT grants number IN218619 and 1N212422 funded by MMA-G."

"We designed a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study. The recruited patients underwent evaluation to assess their body mass index (BMI) and to diagnose primary systemic arterial hypertension. We excluded patients diagnosed with secondary hypertension, cancer, other chronic-degenerative diseases, or HIV/AIDS, chronic intake of alcohol or drugs, antibiotics in the 2 months prior to the study, NSAIDs, oral contraceptives, and any medication other than antihypertensive. In addition, patients with a history of gut surgery, and absorption disorders, as well as patients with serum creatinine greater than 1.3 mg/dL, pregnancy, and lactation were excluded. The present study was approved by the ethics and scientific committees of the National Institute of Cardiology (Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”) with No. 2018-41, and the Medicine Faculty (Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) with the registration code FM/DI/030/SR/2019, according to the ethical guidelines of Helsinki and good clinical practices. After obtaining prior informed consent, patients were instructed to observe a fasting period of 12 hours. Subsequently, a comprehensive anamnesis evaluation, an oral evaluation, and an electrocardiogram were conducted for each patient."