Efficacy of beta-blockers on blood pressure control and morbidity and mortality endpoints in hypertensives of African ancestry: an individual patient data meta-analysis.

"Conflict of interest RDN and SM are Merck employees. NT has received consulting & speaker fees from Merck, Acino Health Care Group, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Eli Lilly, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Phillips, Servier, and Takeda. NT has also received educational grants from Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, and Vertice Health Care Group."

"The authors declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.The authors declare that this study received funding from Merck KGaA. The funder was not involved in the study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article, or the decision to submit it for publication."

"The study protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register for systematic reviews (PROSPERO ID = CRD42022344733). This IPD-MA adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for individual patient data systematic reviews (PRISMA-IPD) statement ()."