Cognitive reserve and the risk of postoperative neurocognitive disorders in older age.

"Conflict of interest GW is coordinator of the BioCog consortium and is chief executive of the company Pharmaimage Biomarker Solutions GmbH (https://www.pi-pharmaimage.com), and employed by PI Health Solutions GmbH. Among other academic and private partners, the company is a partner of the BioCog study. CS and TP are project leaders in BioCog. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."

"The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was funded by the European Union, Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007–2013], under Grant agreement no. HEALTHF2–2014-602461 BioCog [Biomarker Development for Postoperative Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly]: http://www.biocog.eu. The funder had no role in the design of this study, collection of data, data analysis, interpretation of results, or writing of this manuscript. We acknowledge financial support from the Open Access Publication Fund of Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin."

"We used data from the Biomarker Development for Postoperative Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly (BioCog) study (). The study aimed to establish valid biomarkers for risk and clinical outcome prediction of POD/POCD. The study was approved by the local medical ethics committees of the study centers in Berlin, Germany (EA2/092/14), and Utrecht, Netherlands (14–469) and registered at clinicaltrials.gov under NCT02265263."