Long-term clinical outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis who are initiating disease-modifying therapy with natalizumab compared with BRACETD first-line therapies.

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate: The MSBase registry prospectively collects disease-related information from MS treatment centers using an internet-based, physician-owned and -operated system (www.msbase.org; registered with the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, identification number ACTRN12605000455662). Informed consent from all patients was acquired according to local laws and is required for participation in MSBase. The MSBase project has received human research ethics committee approval or exemption at each contributing center. This retrospective study reviewed patient data from MSBase, a global, longitudinal, observational registry for MS.Consent for publication: Not applicable.Author contributions:Helmut Butzkueven: Conceptualization; Formal analysis; Investigation; Methodology; Writing – review & editing.Tomas Kalincik: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Francesco Patti: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Mark Slee: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Bianca Weinstock-Guttman: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Katherine Buzzard: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Olga Skibina: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Raed Alroughani: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Alexandre Prat: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Marc Girard: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Dana Horakova: Investigation; Project administration; Writing – review & editing.Eva Kubala Havrdova: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Anneke Van der Walt: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Sara Eichau: Investigation; Writing – review & editing.Robert Hyde: Conceptualization; Writing – review & editing.Nolan Campbell: Conceptualization; Writing – review & editing.Karthik Bodhinathan: Conceptualization; Formal analysis; Writing – review & editing.Tim Spelman: Conceptualization; Formal analysis; Investigation; Methodology; Writing – review & editing.Funding: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by Biogen, which provided funding for these analyses, which were conducted by MSBase. Biogen reviewed and provided feedback on the manuscript to the authors. The authors had full editorial control and provided final approval of all content.Competing interests: HB received institutional (Monash University) funding from Biogen, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Merck, Alexion, CSL, and Novartis; has carried out contracted research for Novartis, Merck, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, and Biogen; has taken part in speakers’ bureaus for Biogen, Genzyme, UCB, Novartis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, and Merck; has received personal compensation from Oxford Health Policy Forum for the Brain Health Steering Committee. TK served on scientific advisory boards for MS International Federation and World Health Organization, BMS, Roche, Janssen, Sanofi Genzyme, Novartis, Merck, and Biogen; steering committee for Brain Atrophy Initiative by Sanofi Genzyme; received conference travel support and/or speaker honoraria from WebMD Global, Eisai, Novartis, Biogen, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, Teva, BioCSL, and Merck; and received research or educational event support from Biogen, Novartis, Genzyme, Roche, Celgene, and Merck. FP received personal compensation for serving on advisory boards from Almirall, Alexion, Biogen, Bristol, Berck, Novartis, and Roche; received research grants from Biogen, Merck, Roche, FISM, Reload Association (Onlus), Italian Health Minister, and University of Catania. MS has participated in, but not received honoraria for, advisory board activity for Biogen, Merck, Bayer Schering, Sanofi Aventis, and Novartis. BW-G has participated in speaker’s bureaus and/or served as a consultant for Biogen, EMD Serono, Novartis, Genentech, Celgene/Bristol Meyers Squibb, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, Janssen, and Horizon; has received grant/research support from Biogen, EMD Serono, Novartis, Genentech, Celgene/Bristol Meyers Squibb, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, Janssen, and Horizon; and serves on the editorial boards for BMJ Neurology, Children, CNS Drugs, MS International, and Frontiers Epidemiology. KB received honoraria and consulting fees from Biogen, Teva, Novartis, Genzyme-Sanofi, Roche, Merck, CSL, and Grifols. OS received honoraria and consulting fees from Bayer Schering, Novartis, Merck, Biogen, and Genzyme. RA received honoraria as a speaker and for serving on scientific advisory boards from Bayer, Biogen, GSK, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Sanofi-Genzyme. AP did not report any financial conflicts of interest. MG received consulting fees from Teva Canada Innovation, Biogen, Novartis, and Genzyme Sanofi; lecture payments from Teva Canada Innovation, Novartis, and EMD; has received a research grant from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. DH was supported by the Charles University: Cooperatio Program in Neuroscience, by the project National Institute for Neurological Research (Programme EXCELES, ID Project No. LX22NPO5107) funded by the European Union; Next Generation EU; and by General University Hospital in Prague (project MH CZ-DRO-VFN64165); received compensation for travel, speaker honoraria, and consultant fees from Biogen Idec, Novartis, Merck, Bayer, Sanofi Genzyme, Roche, and Teva, as well as support for research activities from Biogen Idec. EKH received honoraria/research support from Biogen, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, and Teva; has been a member of advisory boards for Actelion, Biogen, Celgene, Merck Serono, Novartis, and Sanofi Genzyme; received honoraria/research support from Biogen, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, and Teva; has been member of advisory boards for Actelion, Biogen, Celgene, Merck Serono, Novartis, and Sanofi Genzyme; and has been supported by the Czech Ministry of Education – project Cooperatio LF1, research area Neuroscience, and the project National Institute for Neurological Research (Programme EXCELES, ID Project No. LX22NPO5107) – funded by the European Union–Next Generation EU. AW served on advisory boards and receives unrestricted research grants from Novartis, Biogen, Merck, and Roche; has received speaker’s honoraria and travel support from Novartis, Roche, and Merck; receives grant support from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and MS Research Australia. SE received speaker honoraria and consultant fees from Biogen Idec, Novartis, Merck, Bayer, Sanofi Genzyme, Roche, and Teva. RH was employed by Biogen and may hold stock/stock options in Biogen. NC is an employee of and may hold stock/stock options in Biogen. KB was an employee of and may hold stock/stock options in Biogen. TS has received consulting fees and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Biogen and Novartis.Availability of data and materials: The clinical data for this study were obtained under a license agreement with MSBase (http://www.msbase.org). However, no patient-level data were disclosed as part of the study. Therefore, all data relevant to the study are presented in this manuscript and Supplemental Information. Competing interests: HB received institutional (Monash University) funding from Biogen, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Merck, Alexion, CSL, and Novartis; has carried out contracted research for Novartis, Merck, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, and Biogen; has taken part in speakers’ bureaus for Biogen, Genzyme, UCB, Novartis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, and Merck; has received personal compensation from Oxford Health Policy Forum for the Brain Health Steering Committee. TK served on scientific advisory boards for MS International Federation and World Health Organization, BMS, Roche, Janssen, Sanofi Genzyme, Novartis, Merck, and Biogen; steering committee for Brain Atrophy Initiative by Sanofi Genzyme; received conference travel support and/or speaker honoraria from WebMD Global, Eisai, Novartis, Biogen, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, Teva, BioCSL, and Merck; and received research or educational event support from Biogen, Novartis, Genzyme, Roche, Celgene, and Merck. FP received personal compensation for serving on advisory boards from Almirall, Alexion, Biogen, Bristol, Berck, Novartis, and Roche; received research grants from Biogen, Merck, Roche, FISM, Reload Association (Onlus), Italian Health Minister, and University of Catania. MS has participated in, but not received honoraria for, advisory board activity for Biogen, Merck, Bayer Schering, Sanofi Aventis, and Novartis. BW-G has participated in speaker’s bureaus and/or served as a consultant for Biogen, EMD Serono, Novartis, Genentech, Celgene/Bristol Meyers Squibb, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, Janssen, and Horizon; has received grant/research support from Biogen, EMD Serono, Novartis, Genentech, Celgene/Bristol Meyers Squibb, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, Janssen, and Horizon; and serves on the editorial boards for BMJ Neurology , Children , CNS Drugs , MS International , and Frontiers Epidemiology . KB received honoraria and consulting fees from Biogen, Teva, Novartis, Genzyme-Sanofi, Roche, Merck, CSL, and Grifols. OS received honoraria and consulting fees from Bayer Schering, Novartis, Merck, Biogen, and Genzyme. RA received honoraria as a speaker and for serving on scientific advisory boards from Bayer, Biogen, GSK, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Sanofi-Genzyme. AP did not report any financial conflicts of interest. MG received consulting fees from Teva Canada Innovation, Biogen, Novartis, and Genzyme Sanofi; lecture payments from Teva Canada Innovation, Novartis, and EMD; has received a research grant from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. DH was supported by the Charles University: Cooperatio Program in Neuroscience, by the project National Institute for Neurological Research (Programme EXCELES, ID Project No. LX22NPO5107) funded by the European Union; Next Generation EU; and by General University Hospital in Prague (project MH CZ-DRO-VFN64165); re"

"Funding: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by Biogen, which provided funding for these analyses, which were conducted by MSBase. Biogen reviewed and provided feedback on the manuscript to the authors. The authors had full editorial control and provided final approval of all content."