Transcutaneous fluorescence spectroscopy: development and characterization of a compact, portable, and fiber-optic sensor.

"Disclosures: A.J.T. is inventor of a patent relevant to the use of transcutaneous fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool for noninvasive monitoring of gut permeability and the gastric emptying rate and has a licensing and consulting agreement with MediBeacon, Inc. related to this method. All other authors declare no competing interests."

"This article reports independent research funded by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC; Grant No. MR/V012452/1) and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research, or the Department of Health. A.J.T. and J.A. acknowledge Imperial College Research Fellowships."