It's Dead! Can Postbiotics Really Help Performance and Recovery? A Systematic Review.

"Conflicts of Interest C.M.K. consults with and receives external funding from companies who sell pre-, pro-, and postbiotics to complete various research projects. In addition, he has received remuneration from companies for delivering scientific presentations at conferences and writes online, print and other media on topics related to exercise and nutrition. R.J. has received grants and contracts to conduct research on pro-, pre- and postbiotics; has served as a paid consultant for industry; has received honoraria for speaking at conferences and has served as an expert witness on behalf of the defense in cases involving dietary supplements. R.J. serves on Scientific Advisory Boards for companies that distribute (Lonza, Switzerland), or market and develop (ADM/Deerland, GA, USA, Jamieson Wellness, Canada; FitBiomics, NY, USA) pro-, pre- and postbiotics. R.J. is listed as an inventor of pro- and postbiotic patents. J.M.M. has no commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."

"Writing of this article was not supported by any external funding. "