Bioinformatics analysis of diagnostic biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in peripheral blood based on sex differences and support vector machine algorithm.

"availability of data and materials the datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [gse63060] repository [ https://www ncbi nlm nih gov/geo/query/acc cgi? we identified 113 downregulated degs in females (fig 2 a b and supplementary data 1 ) and 83 downregulated degs along with 20 upregulated degs were observed in males (fig 2 c d and supplementary data 2 ).; finally 37 female-specific degs and 27 (18 + 9) male-specific degs were identified (fig 2 e and supplementary data 3 ).; female-specific degs were mainly enriched in proton transmembrane transport oxidative phosphorylation and ribosome assembly (bp); proton-transporting two-sector atpase complex catalytic step 2 spliceosome and mitochondrial respiratory chain(cc); proton transmembrane transporter activity activity of cysteine-type endopeptidase in apoptosis activity of proton-transporting atpase and rotational mechanism (mf) (fig 3 a and supplementary data 4 ).; male-specific degs tended to be enriched in killing of cells of other organism disruption of cells of other organism and antimicrobial humoral response (bp); cytoplasmic vesicle lumen vesicle lumen and secretory granule lumen (cc); structural constituent of ribosome rrna binding and protease binding (mf) (fig 3 b and supplementary data 5 ).; the kegg pathway enrichment analysis in females showed that the degs were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation protein export and collecting duct acid secretion (fig 3 c and supplementary data 4 ).; the kegg pathway analysis in males revealed that the degs were significantly enriched in ribosome transcriptional misregulation in cancer staphylococcus aureus infection and nod-like receptor signaling pathway (fig 3 d and supplementary data 5 ).; among them there are 5 female-specific pathway and 2 male-specific pathway (fig 3 e f supplementary data 6 and 7 ).; however these eight genes were not differentially expressed in females (supplementary data 10 ).; finally eleven hub genes (snrpg rps27a cox7a2 atp5po lsm3 cox7c pfdn5 hint1 psma6 rps3a and rpl31) in females and eight hub genes (snrpg rpl31 cox7c rps27a rpl35a rps3a rps20 and pfdn5) in males were identified (fig 5 c d supplementary data 8 and 9 ).; additionally we found that the mrna expression levels of rpl31 psma6 and cox7a2 in the ad samples were higher than those in mci samples ( p = 0 042 0 035 and 0 020; dunn's test) (fig 6 and supplementary data 10 ).; as indicated in fig 7 ad samples show a significant reduction in the mrna expression of all 13 hub genes ( p < 0 001 wilcoxon rank sum test) (supplementary data 10 ).; additional file 1: supplementary data 1.; additional file 2: supplementary data 2.; additional file 3: supplementary data 3.; additional file 4: supplementary data 4.; additional file 5: supplementary data 5.; additional file 6: supplementary data 6.; additional file 7: supplementary data 7.; additional file 8: supplementary data 8.; additional file 9: supplementary data 9.; additional file 10: supplementary data 10. availability of data and materials the datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [gse63060"

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participateNot applicable. Consent for publicationAll the authors have consented for the publication. Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests."

"Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81570732 and 81870568, SW)."