The effects of job characteristics on physicians' orientation toward lifelong learning.

"Declarations Conflict of interestThe authors report that they have no conflicts of interest. Ethics approvalThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of National Taiwan University Hospital (201912002RINA) and Changhua Christian Hospital (No. 191111). The objectives and details of the study were thoroughly explained to all the participants by the researchers, and written consent was obtained from the participants before data collection. Previous presentationNone. Conflict of interest The authors report that they have no conflicts of interest."

"Funding This study was partially supported under research grants from the National Science and Technology Council (R.O.C). (NSTC 110-2628-H-002-004-MY2). However, the funder did not have any involvement or decision in the process of this research. In addition, the authors declare no conflicts of interest."