Methionine restriction-induced sulfur deficiency impairs antitumour immunity partially through gut microbiota.

"data availability the rna-seq dataset has been deposited to the gene expression omnibus under accession number gse165993 .; the scrna-seq dataset has been deposited to the gene expression omnibus under accession number gse181220 .; the metatranscriptomic data have been submitted to the sequence read archive under accession number prjna892072 . data availability the rna-seq dataset has been deposited to the gene expression omnibus under accession number gse165993"

"Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests."

"We thank P. Wade and M. Fessler at the NIEHS for critical reading of the manuscript. We also thank NIEHS Comparative Medicine Branch for support with animal experiments; T. Long and D. Goulding for support on the orthotopic colon cancer mouse model; L. Chen, Z. Zhang and W. Li for assistance with animal studies; NIEHS Epigenomics Core Facility for performance of RNA-seq and scRNA-seq experiments; and NIEHS Flow Cytometry Center and L. Zhao for assistance with FACS analysis. A part of this research has been conducted using the UKB Resource under application number 82705. Mouse cartoon images used in this paper were downloaded and adapted from Servier Medical ART: SMART (https://smart.servier.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Animals.pptx). Servier Medical Art is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). The KEGG Sulfur Metabolism map (map00920) was adapted in Extended Data Fig. 9a with a permission from Kanehisa Laboratories (https://www.genome.jp/entry/pathway+map00920). This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the NIH to X.L. (Z01 ES102205). The mass spectrometry work performed by Y.-C.H. and K.L. was partially supported by the UNC Superfund Research Program (P42ES031007) and Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility (P30ES010126). The work of C.M. and K.A. was partly supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)/NIH to K.A. (R35GM143024). C.M. was supported by a US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. The work of S.U., V.P., A.I.Y. and K.G.A. was partially supported by an NIA/NIH grant (R01AG076019). L.M.G.-P. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Postdoctoral Research Associate Training (PRAT) Program of the NIGMS (1F12GM143339-01)."