A critical role for iron and zinc homeostatic systems in the evolutionary adaptation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> to metal restriction.

"genomics sequence datasets related to this article are available at the national center for biotechnology information (ncbi) sequence read archive (sra) database (bioproject prjna989548) and can be accessed here: https://www ncbi nlm nih gov/bioproject/989548 disrupting cellular metal equilibrium either by insufficiency or surplus can be harnessed to restrict bacterial proliferation."

"Conflicts of interest P.H. is an employee of Procter and Gamble (P&G). The collaboration was supported by CASE studentships with P&G from the BBSRC and financial contributions from P&G."

"Funding information This work was supported by BBSRC DTP CASE PhD studentships (BB/T008695/1) with P&G to JRP and JMW. Additional funding was provided by P&G to support work by JRP and JMW."