Transcriptomic divergence of the Rheum palmatum complex derived from top-geoherb and non-geoherb areas provides the insights into geoherbalism properties of rhubarb.

"availability of data and materials all the raw reads generated in this study have been deposited in the ncbi with the bioproject accession number prjna961302 ( https://www ncbi nlm nih gov/bioproject/prjna961302 ). availability of data and materials all the raw reads generated in this study have been deposited in the ncbi with the bioproject accession number prjna961302"

"Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participateThe wild plant was collected and identified by Tao Zhou and Jian Wang. The voucher specimen was deposited in the Herbarium of School of Pharmacy in Xi’an Jiaotong University (XJTU), and the voucher IDs are shown in Table S1. Permissions were obtained from Xi’an Jiaotong University. This study was conducted in accordance to relevant guidelines and regulations. Consent for publicationNot applicable. Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests."

"Funding This study was co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81903739 and 31770364), the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Nos. 2020JQ-024 and 2020JZ-05) and Shaanxi Institute of Basic Sciences (Chemistry, Biology) Scientific Research Program Project (22JHZ005)."